| Noah Webster's Dictionary 1. (v. t.) To allow the custody and use of, on condition of the return of the same; to grant the temporary use of; as, to lend a book; -- opposed to borrow. 2. (v. t.) To allow the possession and use of, on condition of the return of an equivalent in kind; as, to lend money or some article of food. 3. (v. t.) To afford; to grant or furnish in general; as, to lend assistance; to lend one's name or influence. 4. (v. t.) To let for hire or compensation; as, to lend a horse or gig. Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia LEND, LOAN lon: The translation of 7 Hebrew and 2 Greek vbs.:
1. Lexical Usages:
In the Old Testament: lawah, "to join," "cause to join," "lend" (Exodus 22:25 Deuteronomy 28:12, 44 Psalm 37:26 Proverbs 19:17); nashah, "to bite," "lend" (Deuteronomy 24:11 Jeremiah 15:10); nashah (same root as last, though different verb stem, Hiphil), "to cause to bite," "lend on usury" (Deuteronomy 15:2; Deuteronomy 24:10); nashakh, "to bite," "lend" "(cause to lend) on usury" (Deuteronomy 23:19, 20); nathan, "to give" (Leviticus 25:37, the Revised Version (British and American) "to give"); `abhat (Hiphil), "to cause to borrow," "to lend" (Deuteronomy 15:6, 8); sha'al (Hiphil), "to cause to ask," "to lend" (Exodus 12:36, the Revised Version (British and American) "ask"; 1 Samuel 1:27). In Septuagint daneizo, danizo, "to lend," translates lawah, and `abaT in above passages and in Nehemiah 5:4 Proverbs 22:7, and Isaiah 24:2; kichrao, also translations lawah and sha'al (Psalm 112:5 Proverbs 13:11); daneion(-ion), "loan," occurs in Deuteronomy 15:8, 10; Deuteronomy 24:11; Deuteronomy 4 Maccabees 2:8. In the New Testament "lend" translations two Greek verbs, daneizo, "to lend money" (Luke 6:34, 35, usually in commercial sense); kichremi, "to lend (as a friendly act)" (Luke 11:5).The substantive "loan," she'elah, occurs only once in the Old Testament (1 Samuel 2:20 the King James Version and the English Revised Version), not at all in the New Testament.
2. History of Lending in the Bible and Apocrypha:
(1) Lending on interest to the poor is prohibited in the code in Exodus 22:25. (2) In the code in Deuteronomy 15:1-6; Deuteronomy 23:19, 20; 24:10, 11; 28:12, 44, borrowing and lending are taken for granted as existing in Israel, but the creditor is required to release his Hebrew brother as debtor in the 7th year (either the cancellation of the loan (so in Jewish literature and early Christian scholars) or suspension of payment that year (so most modern scholars)), though he may exact payment from a foreigner. Israel may lend, and will be able to lend, because of Yahweh's blessing, to other nations, but must not borrow from them. A pledge, or security, must not be taken in person by the creditor from the house of the debtor, nor kept overnight, if the debtor be poor. (3) The code in Leviticus 25:35-38 requires that the Israelite receive no interest from his poor brother, because of the goodness of Yahweh to Israel. (4) Notwithstanding the prohibition of the early laws against lending on interest or usury, the same seems to have become common in Israel before the exile (Isaiah 24:2 Jeremiah 15:10), was practiced on the return, and was an evil to be corrected by Nehemiah (Nehemiah 5:7, 10). (5) According to Psalm 37:26; Psalm 112:5 Proverbs 19:17, lending to the needy was regarded as a mark of the pious Hebrew, but no interest is to be charged. (6) According to Apocrypha (The Wisdom of Solomon 15:16; Sirach 8:12; 18:33; 20:15, 29; 4 Maccabees 2:8), borrowing is discouraged, and lending is exalted as a mark of the merciful man. (7) Jesus teaches that His followers should lend, even to enemies, to men from whom they have no reasonable hope of expecting anything in return, because thus to do is to be like the Most High (Luke 6:34, 35). He did not discuss lending for commercial purposes, and so does not necessarily forbid it.
LITERATURE.
See Driver on Deuteronomy 15:1-6; Benzinger, Hebrew Archaeology, (1894), 350 f; Oehler, Old Testament Theology, 150, 10; Plummer on Luke 6:34, 35.
Charles B. Williams |  | Multi-Version Concordance Lend (21 Occurrences) Luke 6:34 If you lend to those from whom you hope to receive, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners, to receive back as much. (WEB KJV WEY ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV) Luke 6:35 But love your enemies, and do good, and lend, expecting nothing back; and your reward will be great, and you will be children of the Most High; for he is kind toward the unthankful and evil. (WEB KJV WEY ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV) Luke 11:5 He said to them, "Which of you, if you go to a friend at midnight, and tell him,'Friend, lend me three loaves of bread, (WEB KJV WEY ASV WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV) Romans 6:13 and no longer lend your faculties as unrighteous weapons for Sin to use. On the contrary surrender your very selves to God as living men who have risen from the dead, and surrender your several faculties to God, to be used as weapons to maintain the right. (WEY) 2 Corinthians 1:11 while you on your part lend us your aid in entreaty for us, so that from many lips thanksgivings may rise on our behalf for the boon granted to us at the intercession of many. (WEY) Exodus 22:25 "If you lend money to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be to him as a creditor; neither shall you charge him interest. (WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV) Leviticus 25:37 You shall not lend him your money at interest, nor give him your food for profit. (WEB KJV DBY WBS RSV NIV) Deuteronomy 15:6 For Yahweh your God will bless you, as he promised you: and you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow; and you shall rule over many nations, but they shall not rule over you. (WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV) Deuteronomy 15:8 but you shall surely open your hand to him, and shall surely lend him sufficient for his need in that which he wants. (WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV) Deuteronomy 23:19 You shall not lend on interest to your brother; interest of money, interest of food, interest of anything that is lent on interest: (WEB KJV JPS ASV WBS YLT RSV) Deuteronomy 23:20 to a foreigner you may lend on interest; but to your brother you shall not lend on interest, that Yahweh your God may bless you in all that you put your hand to, in the land where you go in to possess it. (WEB KJV JPS ASV WBS YLT RSV) Deuteronomy 24:10 When you do lend your neighbor any manner of loan, you shall not go into his house to get his pledge. (WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS) Deuteronomy 24:11 You shall stand outside, and the man to whom you do lend shall bring forth the pledge outside to you. (WEB KJV JPS ASV WBS) Deuteronomy 28:12 Yahweh will open to you his good treasure in the sky, to give the rain of your land in its season, and to bless all the work of your hand: and you shall lend to many nations, and you shall not borrow. (WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV) Deuteronomy 28:44 He shall lend to you, and you shall not lend to him: he shall be the head, and you shall be the tail. (WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV) Nehemiah 5:7 Then I consulted with myself, and contended with the nobles and the rulers, and said unto them, Ye exact usury, every one of his brother. And I held a great assembly against them. (See JPS) Nehemiah 5:10 I likewise, my brothers and my servants, do lend them money and grain. Please let us leave off this usury. (WEB ASV NAS RSV NIV) Psalms 15:5 he who doesn't lend out his money for usury, nor take a bribe against the innocent. He who does these things shall never be shaken. (WEB NIV) Psalms 37:26 All day long he deals graciously, and lends. His seed is blessed. (Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV) Psalms 83:8 Assyria also is joined with them. They have helped the children of Lot. Selah. (See NIV) Ezekiel 18:8 he who has not given forth on interest, neither has taken any increase, who has withdrawn his hand from iniquity, has executed true justice between man and man, (See NAS RSV NIV) |
